1.高頻類:鐵粉芯Ferritecore
Ferritecore用于高頻變(bian)壓器(qi)它(ta)是(shi)一種(zhong)帶有尖(jian)晶(jing)石(shi)結晶(jing)狀結構的陶(tao)磁(ci)體,此種(zhong)尖(jian)晶(jing)石(shi)為氧化鐵和(he)其它(ta)二價的金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)化合物.如kFe2O4(k代表其它(ta)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)),目前常使用的金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)有錳(Mn)、鋅(xin)(Zn)、鎳(Ni)、鎂(Ng)、銅(tong)(Cu).
其常用組(zu)合如(ru)錳(meng)鋅(xin)(MnZn)系列(lie)(lie)、鎳鋅(xin)(NiZn)系列(lie)(lie)及鎂鋅(xin)(MgZn)系列(lie)(lie).此種材具有高導(dao)磁率和(he)阻抗性(xing)的物性(xing),其使用頻(pin)率范圍由1kHz到超(chao)過200kHz.
2.低(di)頻類:硅鋼片(LAMINATION)
硅鋼片(pian)用于低頻變壓器(qi),其(qi)種類很多,按其(qi)制(zhi)作工藝不同(tong)可分(fen)為(wei)A:鍛燒(shao)(黑片(pian))、N:無鍛燒(shao)(白片(pian))兩(liang)種.按其(qi)形狀(zhuang)不同(tong)可分(fen)為(wei):EI型(xing)(xing)、UI型(xing)(xing)、C型(xing)(xing)、口(kou)型(xing)(xing)。
口(kou)型(xing)硅鋼(gang)片(pian)常在功(gong)率較大的(de)變(bian)(bian)壓器中使用,它絕緣性(xing)能好,易(yi)于(yu)(yu)散熱,同(tong)時磁(ci)路短,主要用于(yu)(yu)功(gong)率大于(yu)(yu)500~1000W和大功(gong)率變(bian)(bian)壓器。由(you)兩個C型(xing)硅鋼(gang)片(pian)組成一套硅鋼(gang)片(pian)稱為CD型(xing)硅鋼(gang)片(pian),用CD型(xing)硅鋼(gang)片(pian)制(zhi)作的(de)電(dian)源變(bian)(bian)壓器在截面積相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)條件下,窗(chuang)口(kou)愈越高(gao)。
變壓器(qi)(qi)功(gong)率越大.于鐵(tie)芯兩(liang)側可(ke)以分別(bie)安裝線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan),因(yin)此變壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)匝(za)(za)數可(ke)分配在(zai)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)包上,從(cong)而使(shi)每個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)包的(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)匝(za)(za)長(chang)(chang)較短,線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)耗減小.另外如果(guo)把(ba)要(yao)求對(dui)稱的(de)(de)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)分別(bie)繞在(zai)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)包上,可(ke)以達到(dao)完(wan)全對(dui)稱的(de)(de)效果(guo)。由四個(ge)(ge)C型(xing)(xing)硅鋼片(pian)組(zu)成(cheng)一套硅鋼片(pian)稱為(wei)ED型(xing)(xing)硅鋼片(pian).ED型(xing)(xing)硅鋼片(pian)制成(cheng)的(de)(de)變壓器(qi)(qi)外形(xing)呈扁寬形(xing),在(zai)功(gong)率相同的(de)(de)條件下ED型(xing)(xing)變壓器(qi)(qi)比(bi)CD型(xing)(xing)變壓器(qi)(qi)矮些,寬度大些,另外由于線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)安裝在(zai)硅鋼片(pian)中間,有外磁路,因(yin)此漏(lou)磁小,對(dui)整體干擾(rao)小.但是它所有線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)都繞在(zai)一個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)包上,線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)包較厚,故平(ping)(ping)均(jun)匝(za)(za)長(chang)(chang)較長(chang)(chang),銅(tong)(tong)耗較大。
C型(xing)(xing)鐵(tie)芯性能優異所制(zhi)作(zuo)之變壓器體積小、重量輕、效(xiao)率高(gao),裝配的(de)角度來看,C型(xing)(xing)硅鋼片(pian)(pian)零件很少,通用性強,因此生產效(xiao)率高(gao),但是C型(xing)(xing)硅鋼片(pian)(pian)加工(gong)工(gong)序較(jiao)多,作(zuo)較(jiao)復(fu)雜,需用專(zhuan)用設備制(zhi)造,因而目(mu)前(qian)成本還較(jiao)高(gao)。
E型硅鋼(gang)片(pian)又稱殼型或(huo)日型硅鋼(gang)片(pian),它(ta)的(de)主要優點是初、次級線(xian)圈共同一個線(xian)架,有較高(gao)的(de)窗口占(zhan)空(kong)系數(shu)(占(zhan)空(kong)系數(shu)Km:銅(tong)線(xian)凈截面(mian)(mian)積和(he)窗口面(mian)(mian)積比(bi));硅鋼(gang)片(pian)對繞組形成保護(hu)外(wai)殼,使繞組不易受(shou)到機械傷(shang)損傷(shang);同時硅鋼(gang)片(pian)散熱面(mian)(mian)積較大,變壓器(qi)磁場發(fa)散較少(shao).但是它(ta)的(de)初次級漏感較大,外(wai)來(lai)磁場干擾也較大,此外(wai),由于繞組平均周長(chang)(chang)較長(chang)(chang),在(zai)同樣(yang)圈數(shu)和(he)鐵芯截面(mian)(mian)積條件下,EI型鐵芯的(de)變壓器(qi)所(suo)用(yong)的(de)銅(tong)線(xian)較多。
硅鋼片的(de)厚度(du)常用(yong)的(de)有(you)0.35mm、0.5mm兩種。
硅(gui)鋼片(pian)(pian)的組裝方式有(you)(you)(you)交疊(die)(die)法(fa)(fa)和對(dui)疊(die)(die)法(fa)(fa)兩種.交疊(die)(die)法(fa)(fa)是將硅(gui)鋼片(pian)(pian)的開口一對(dui)一交替地分布在(zai)兩邊,這(zhe)種疊(die)(die)法(fa)(fa)比(bi)較麻煩,但硅(gui)鋼片(pian)(pian)間隙(xi)小,磁阻(zu)小,有(you)(you)(you)利于增(zeng)大磁通(tong),因此(ci)電(dian)源(yuan)變壓器都采用這(zhe)種方法(fa)(fa).對(dui)疊(die)(die)法(fa)(fa)常用于通(tong)有(you)(you)(you)直(zhi)流電(dian)流的場合,為避免(mian)直(zhi)流電(dian)流引起飽和,硅(gui)鋼片(pian)(pian)之(zhi)間需(xu)要(yao)留有(you)(you)(you)空隙(xi),因此(ci)對(dui)疊(die)(die)法(fa)(fa)將E片(pian)(pian)和I片(pian)(pian)各放一邊,兩者之(zhi)間的空隙(xi)可用紙片(pian)(pian)來調節。
3.COIL類:分三種類型.
A.TOROID環(huan)形鐵芯(xin):將O型疊片而成(cheng),或(huo)由硅(gui)鋼片卷繞(rao)而成(cheng).此種鐵芯(xin)對繞(rao)線來說非(fei)常(chang)不易(yi)。
B.RODCORE棒(bang)狀鐵芯。
C.DRUMCORE:鼓(gu)形鐵芯。